Religious Studies 203W:  THE CHRISTIANS

MW  3:00 - 4:15 pm

Spring 2002

 

 

Instructor:  Amy Carr

Office Hours:  Tuesday 1-3 pm, Thursday

10 am to 12 pm,  Friday 2:15 – 3:15 pm

Also by appointment.  Feel free to speak

with me about any aspect of the course or

about related issues.

Office:  Morgan Hall, Room 412   (phone: 298-1309;  home:  837-0527, before 10 pm)

Department Office:  Morgan Hall, Room 456 (phone: 298-1057)

E-mail: AR-Carr@wiu.edu (note:  not always checked on weekends)

Purpose of the Course

This course has two main objectives.  First, it introduces students to the Christian religion, its history, and a representative sampling of its theologians and practitioners. In studying some of the many different faces of Christianity, past and present, you can learn to:  

              -- deepen a capacity to perceive Christian texts, beliefs, and practices with both empathy and criticism;

              -- become familiar with the diverse  interpretations of the Christian Bible, diverse forms of Christian expression, and  many meanings of Jesus across the globe;

              -- gain a sense of the key dates, events, thinkers, and movements in Christian history;

-- identify some of the cultural, political, and personal roles played by religion. 

Second, the course will introduce the study of Christianity by fostering skills in reading comprehension, writing ability, critical analysis, and creatively integrative thinking—skills which are transferable to many other disciplines and vocational situations, and useful in helping you to become an independent, lifelong learner.

             

Note:  This course COUNTS as a writing course (W)!

Course Texts

Brian Wilson, Christianity (Upper Saddle River, NJ:

              Prentice Hall, 1999).

Mark Salzman, Lying Awake (NY: Alfred A. Knopf,

2001).

Diane Hacker, A Pocket Style Manual, Third Edition

(Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2000).

Additional readings will be found on the Web, as handouts, or on Electronic Reserves (ERes).

              *Note:  if you have trouble accessing Web readings, try using a library computer or ask a librarian for assistance.  

Writing Help

If you would like more assistance or feedback on your writing, don’t hesitate to contact WIU’s Writing Center in Simpkins Hall 341 (ph: 298-2815,  or by email:  MWCENTER@WIU.EDU ).  I am also available during office hours to talk one-on-one about your writing.

Useful Web Resources

New Revised Standard Version of the Bible

http://www.devotions.net/bible/00bible.htm

Ancient Christian Writings

http://www.earlychristianwritings.com

Christian Classics Ethereal Library

http://www.ccel.org/index/author-A.html

Course Requirements

Reading Summaries (15%)

              Written summaries of the day’s readings will be collected randomly at the beginning of class throughout the semester.  Your best scores on 10 of these (each worth 1.5 points) will count towards your final grade; I will collect them at least 11-12 times. 

The aim of this exercise is to encourage you to keep up with the readings, to develop your skills in reading comprehension and analysis, and to stimulate class discussion.  Towards this end, each day there is an assigned reading, bring to class the following (preferably one copy for instructor, one for yourself):

              a) a summary of the day’s reading, in your own words (focus on the main points as you understood them, and anything else which catches your interest);

              b) at least one sentence stating your reaction to the day’s reading;

c) at least two questions about the reading.  These can include factual questions (like, “What does X mean?”), but should also include at least one interpretive question which probes specific issues raised by the reading—a question for class discussion.  You might raise questions which compare something in this text and something else we have considered in this or other courses; or questions which evaluate the rightness or usefulness of something in the reading; or questions which reflect a creative response to the reading. 

              You will receive full credit for each summary if it is complete (includes parts a, b, and c above), well-written (check for grammar and spelling), and really captures the main points and key subpoints.   So do not agonize over them, but do use them as practice in developing your skills in reading comprehension; they are meant to help facilitate a habit of close careful reading, and of trusting your own abilities to understand, analyze, and interrogate written forms of communication.

              Late summaries will not be accepted.  If you have a prior excused absence, turn them in before the class period you will miss (even if summaries are not collected that day).  Summaries turned in the day after an unexcused or illness-related absence will generally not be accepted.  But remember that these will be collected periodically, so only frequent absences are likely to affect your grade on the summaries. 

Essays and Reflection Papers (30 %)

Specific guidelines for each paper will be handed out separately; see the deadlines in the course outline below.  All papers must be typed and double-spaced; see the grading rubric for papers for more details about my expectations for papers.  If you want to revise a paper, see me first during office hours; revised papers will not be accepted unless you first speak with me about your original version. Important note:  Late papers will lose a half-point per weekday they are late; no papers will be accepted more than one week after the original deadline.

In-Class Biblical Interpretation                5 pts

2-3 pp. on Jesus as Mother excerpt          5 pts

4-5 pp. on the novel Lying Awake         10 pts

4-5 pp. Analysis of Worship Service      10 pts

Exams (45 %)     

There will be five exams (short answer & essay)—but do not fear, this means you’ll integrate your learning in chunks rather than all at the end.  The final will focus on themes from the end of the semester, but will include a few questions to help you integrate your learning for the whole course.  Most questions are distributed before the exams, and some exam questions are collectively developed by the class. 

Exam on Early Christianity                   10 pts

Exam on Medieval Christianity             10 pts

Exam on the Reformation & Protestants  10 pts

Exam on Modern & Global Christianity   15 pts

    + Comprehensive

Class Participation (10%)

Class participation includes showing up for class, contributing to class discussion, and engaging in any in-class written or group activities.

Note

If you believe you would learn better by completing a different set of assignments, please see me soon and then submit an alternative plan, in writing, by January 28.  I will not accept alternative plans which only reduce the course workload.  (Adapted from a syllabus note of Dan Buchanan, St. John’s Univ.)

Attendance

1)  Note that a substantial percentage of your grade (25%!) will depend on your presence for in-class and group exercises and on keeping up with the readings by turning in summaries.  Missing a lot of class will likely drop your grade by two to three letters!

2)  Because of #1 above, there is no official attendance policy; however, I will keep track of your attendance and factor it into the class participation part of your grade. 

3)  Consistent tardiness or leaving class early can affect your class participation grade.

4)  If a disability or the effects of medication make it difficult for you to attend class some days, tell me early in the semester so that we can work out a way to accommodate your learning needs.

Honor Code

Discussion of course materials with your peers is highly encouraged, especially in preparation for exams.  Learning always involves sharing ideas and developing them together.  But beyond our collective learning, independent work is expected on all journals, class exercises (except group ones), exams, and papers.  Plagiarizing, borrowing, or copying another’s words or ideas, without proper acknowledgment, can earn an automatic F on an assignment or in this course.

Be sure to consult me if you are not sure about how or when to properly acknowledge the ideas and works of others.  Read Hacker pp. 109-112 (especially p. 112) about plagiarism.  

Disabilities Policy

In accordance with University policy and the Americans with Disabilities Act, academic accommodation will be made for any student who has a need and notifies me.  It is imperative that you take the initiative to bring such needs to my attention, as I am not legally permitted to inquire about such issues.  You can also contact Disability Support Services at 298-2512 for additional assistance. 

Grading Scale

A (90-100%)       Excellent work

B (80-89%)          Good work

C (70-79%)          Average work; meets the

course criteria adequately

D (60-69%)         Below average work; fulfills

only partially the course criteria

F (0-59%)            Course work does not        sufficiently fulfill the course criteria

 

Grading criteria for papers will be handed out separately.  Remember that grades do not measure you or your potential abilities, but your mastery of skills in this particular course at this particular stage of your education!

 


COURSE OUTLINE

Jan. 14                 Introduction to course

Jan. 16                 Introduction to Christian Diversity (Wilson, pp. 11-17)

I.  Jesus and Early Christianity

Jan. 21                 MARTIN LUTHER KING DAY:  NO CLASS

                             Tip: Begin reading the novel Lying Awake NOW!  

Jan. 23  Jesus’ Life and the Gospels in Jewish Context

                             In-Class Biblical Interpretation (on a gospel selection handout)

                                           Read      Isaiah 9:2-7 (Jewish expectations of a Messiah)

                                                         Matthew 5:1-11 (Jesus’ teachings)

                                                         Matt. 22:34-40 (Love commandment)

                                                         Luke 8 (Jesus’ healings, miracles, parables)

                                                         Wilson, pp. 18-25

                                           Use any biblical translation, or see http://www.devotions.net/bible/00bible.htm

Jan. 28                 Jesus’ Death and Resurrection:  From a Jewish Jesus to a Cosmic Christ

                                           Read      Mark 10:32-34, 11, 14-16 (all chapters!)

                                                         Romans 5:1-6:14

                                                         John 1:1-4, 1:14

                                           Wilson, pp. 25-27

                                           Handout from Marcus Borg’s Jesus:  A New Vision

Jan. 30                 Formation of the Early Churches and the Many Visions/Versions of Jesus

                                           Gospel of Mary http://www.gnosis.org/library/marygosp.htm

                                           Infancy Gospel of Thomas http://www.gnosis.org/library/inftoma.htm

                                           The Didache http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/0714.htm

                                           Wilson, pp. 28-37

Feb. 4                   Christian Persecution

Martyrdom of Perpetua http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/religion/maps/primary/perpetua.html

                                           Groups develop questions for exam (will be posted on web page)

Feb. 6                   ASSESSMENT DAY:  NO CLASS

Feb. 11  Exam on Jesus and Early Christianity (45 min.)

                             Discuss the Church Year and an Ancient Liturgy (30 min.)

                            

II. Constantine, Christendom, and Medieval Christianity

Feb. 13  From Christian Persecution to Christendom

                                           “Conversion” of Emperor Constantine (Wilson pp. 38-44)

                                           Christian Creeds

                                                         http://www.creeds.net/  At this site, read the following:

What Is a Creed? 

The Apostle’s Creed

The Nicene Creed (not the Creed of Nicaea—unless you read Greek!)

Definition of Chalcedon

                                           Monasticism:  Sayings of the Desert Fathers & Mothers

                                                         http://www.cin.org/dsrtftit.html (1, 3, 9, 14, 17)

http://www.innerlightproductions.com/

Feb. 18  First Division of the Church:  Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism

                                           Wilson, pp. 44-54

                                           Icons and Cathedrals

Feb. 20  Augustine and Aquinas:  A Patristic and a Scholastic Theologian

                                           Augustine, Confessions

                                           Aquinas on providence http://www.newadvent.org/summa/102202.htm

Feb. 25  Two Monastic Theologians:  Hildegard von Bingen and Julian of Norwich

                                           Hildegard von Bingen

                                           Julian of Norwich, from Revelation of Divine Love

                                           Christian Meditation and Contemplation (good, simple introduction)

                                                         http://www.stolaf.edu/people/huff/classes/religion/Essay.html

Feb. 27  Sample of Historical Scholarship:  Caroline Walker Bynum, Jesus as Mother

                                           Bynum selection

Feb. 28           JOHN DOMINIC CROSSAN, “The Historical Jesus”

                                           7:30 pm, Heritage Room—University Union

Feb. 29  Informal conversation with John Dominic Crossan!  (time, place TBA)

Mar. 1                 2-3 pp. paper on Bynum selection:  due FRIDAY by 3:15 pm in my box or

                                           office folder

Mar. 4                  Christian Justifications for War and Torture:  The Crusades and Inquisition

                                           Wilson, pp. 55-57

                                           Children’s Crusades http://www.historyguide.org/ancient/children.html

                                           Inquisition

Mar. 6                  St. Francis and Apostolic Poverty

Groups develop questions for exam (will be posted on web page)

Mar. 8                 Exam on Medieval Christianity

III.  Interlude:   Are Visions of God Real?

Mar. 11 Salzman, Lying Awake, pp. 1-107

Mar. 13 Salzman, pp. 108-181

              *  Paper on Salzman due Monday, March 18 (in class)

IV.  The Protestant Reformation, Christianity in the New World, and Modernity

Mar. 18 Main Features of the Protestant Reformation

                                           Paper on Salzman due

                                           Read Wilson, pp. 57-65

Mar. 20 Major Reformation Theologians:  Luther and Calvin

                                           Martin Luther

                                           John Calvin

                                           Diary of Calvin’s teenaged female cousin

Mar. 25 Christianity Comes to the New World (the Americas)

                                           Christian Debates about the Humanity of Indigenous Persons

                                           Christian Missionaries:  The Jesuits

                                           Bartolomé de las Casas:  Converted Defender of Native Americans

Mar. 27               Pietism, Rationalism, and More Denominational “Splintering” in Response to Modernity (the Enlightenment and Industrialization)

                                           Wilson, pp. 66-76

                                           Deism

                                           John Wesley, sermon and hymns

                                           Jonathan Edwards, sermon excerpt

Apr. 1                  Christian Social Reformers in the US

                                           Christians for and against slavery and segregation

                                           Christians for and against same-sex relationships

Apr. 3                  Modern Catholic Reformation:  Vatican II

                                           Wilson, pp. 77-81

                                           Groups develop questions for exam (will be posted on web page)

Apr. 8            Exam

                            

V.  Contemporary Issues in Christianity

Apr. 10           Modern Movements:  Fundamentalism, Evangelicalism, Pentecostalism

Apr. 15  20th century Christian Feminist Reforms and Feminist Theology

Apr. 17  Liberation Theology

                                           Wilson, pp. 82-88

Apr. 22  The Globalization of Christianity:  Contextualized Theology and Interreligious

Dialogue in Africa, Asia, and the Americas

                                           Wilson, pp. 88-98

Apr. 24           Relationships between the Bible and Culture:  One African Perspective

                                           Ernest Munachi Ezeogu, “Bible and Culture in African Theology”

               http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Oracle/1020/theology.htm

               (click on ‘Bible and Culture in African Christianity’) 

Apr. 29           Two 20th-century Christians in the US:  Dorothy Day and Howard Thurman

May 1                  Wrap-up session and preparation for the final

                             Last day to turn in analysis of a worship service

              FINAL EXAM     Wed., May 8, 3 pm